by
Alys Mackyntoich, OP, OL, OD
Updated
and Revised Dec. 2020
I.
Introduction
The
name data presented in this article were extracted from The Records of the Parliaments of Scotland to 1707 (RPS), a fully
searchable database containing the proceedings of the Scottish parliament from
1235 to 1707. The RPS database provides
both transcriptions of the original documents with the original language and
spelling intact and translations of the texts into modern English.
This
article presents extracted name data from Latin parliament records during the
reigns of the Scots monarchs Alexander II (1235-1249), Alexander III
(1249-1286), Margaret (1286-1290), and John Balliol (1292-1296), as well as the
Scottish parliaments conducted under Edward I of England (1291-1305). The name data extracted from these records
include personal names, several sorts of bynames and place names.
A. Using
the Data
People
using the data to construct SCA names should bear in mind that the original
language of the documents is in Latin, a language that changes the spelling of
a name depending on where and how it appears in a sentence. The tables below give the likely vernacular
form of the name, the likely nominative form of the name, and the forms
appearing in the text. The spellings
found in the text are not just variant spellings; not every form can be used to
create an SCA name. SCA given names must
use the nominative form (which is why that spelling is listed in a separate
column).
The
other Latin spelling that is important for SCA name construction is the
genitive or possesive form. The genitive
form of a given name is used to construct bynames in the following forms:
[given name] + filius + [genitive form of the father’s
name]
[given name] + filia + [genitive form of the father’s
name]
[given
name] + uxor + [genitive form of the
husband’s name]
The marker filius means “son;” the marker filia
means “daughter.” The marker uxor means “wife.”
For
guidance on how to create the correct genitive form of a Latin name, I
recommend the following article:
http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/latin/reference/how-to-decline-personal-names/
B. Naming
Patterns
The
records the following name patterns:
[given name] + de + [place name]
[given name] +
[family name or inherited surname]
[given name] + filius + [genitive form of the father’s]
[given name] + filia + [genitive form of the father’s
name]
[given name] + uxor + [genitive form of the husband’s
name]
[given name] +
[family name or inherited surname] + de
+ [place name]
Bishops are often identified
by the Latinized form of the seat of their bishopric. For example, Robert, Bishop of Glasgow, is
identified as Roberti Glasguensis. However, this form is not unique to bishops
or clergy and can be used to create an alternative form of locative byname.
A small number of names
found in the data are clearly Gaelic in origin, rendered into Latin. The names that are clearly Gaelic in origin
show the following patterns:
Lawemundum
McGreghere =
[given name] + [surname or patronymic]
Angusium filium Douenaldi = [given name] + [patronymic]
Anneesium filium
Duncani McGregere
= [given name] + [father’s full name]
Dunkani Comitis de
Fife, idem McDuf
= [given name] + [title] + also known as
[name]
The few women who appear
in the data generally do not have independent bynames, but are defined by
reference to their husbands or fathers, whose names appear in the same
document. For example:
Margar’ que fuit uxor Hugon’ de Peresby = [given name] + wife of + [full name]
Margar’ filie predicti
comitis = [given name] + daughter of the aforesaid count
Mariam
uxorem eius = [given name] his wife
One woman is identified by her title: Marger’
quondam comitisse de Carrik (Margeret, former Countess of Carrick).
II. Tables
of Name Elements
Masculine Given
Names
|
Likely
Vernacular Form |
Latin
Nominative Form |
Forms
Found in the Records |
Years
Found |
|
Absalom |
Absalom (?) |
Absalone |
1248 |
|
Alan |
Alanus |
Alanus, Alani |
1235, 1255 |
|
Alexander |
Alexander, Alexandrus |
Alexander, Alexandri, Alexandro, Alexandrum |
1235, 1255, 1256, 1285, 1293, 1296 |
|
Angus |
Angus, Annees |
Angusium, Anneesium |
1293 |
|
Aymer/Eymer |
Aymerius, Aymery, Eymery |
Aymerum, Eymery |
1248, 1255 |
|
Bernard |
Bernardus |
Bern’ |
1293 |
|
Brian |
Brianus |
Briano |
1285 |
|
Colban |
Colbanus |
Colbani |
1293 |
|
David |
David, Davidus |
David, Dauid |
1235, 1248, 1255, 1256 |
|
Douenald (Donald) |
Douenaldus |
Douenald’, Douenaldi |
1293, 1296 |
|
Dunkan/Duncan |
Dunkanus |
Dunkani |
1293 |
|
Edward |
Edwardus |
Eduardum |
1296 |
|
Gamelin |
Gamelinus |
Gamelini, Gamelinum |
1255 |
|
Gaufrid |
Gaufridus |
Gaufridi, Gaufrido |
1235, 1296 |
|
Gilbert |
Gilbertus |
Gilebertus, Gilberto, Gilbertum, Gilbertus,
Gileberti, |
1248, 1255, 1256, 1285, 1293 |
|
Henry |
Henricus |
Henrico |
1235 |
|
Herbert |
Herbertus |
Herberti |
1296 |
|
Hugh |
Hugo |
Hugo, Hugone, Hugonem, Hugonis |
1255, 1285, 1293 |
|
Ingelram |
Ingelramius |
Ingeramium |
1296 |
|
James/Jacob |
Jacobus |
Jacobus, Jacobi, Jacobum |
1293, 1296 |
|
John |
Iohannes, Johannes, Johnannis, Iohannis |
Iohannis, Johanne, Johannem, Johannes,
Johanni, Johannis, Johnannis |
1248, 1255, 1285, 1293, 1296 |
|
Lawemund (Lamond) |
Lawemundus |
Lawemundum |
1293 |
|
Luke |
Lucas |
Luca |
1248 |
|
MacDuf |
MacDuf |
MacDuf, McDuf |
1293 |
|
Malcolm |
Malcolumus |
Malcolmus, Malcolmi |
1248, 1255, 1293 |
|
Maldouen |
Maldouen (?) |
Maldoueni, Maldoueny |
1248 |
|
Malise |
Malisius |
Malisius, Malisio, Malisii |
1255, 1285, 1296 |
|
Mathew |
Matheus |
Mathei, Matheum |
1296 |
|
Miles |
Milo |
Milonis |
1285 |
|
Nicholas |
Nicholas |
Nicholai, Nicholaum |
1255, 1296 |
|
Nigell |
Nigellus |
Nigellus, Nigelli |
1255 |
|
Patric(k) |
Patricius |
Patricius, Patricii, Patricio |
1255, 1285, 1296 |
|
Peter |
Petrus |
Petrus, Petro |
1248, 1285 |
|
Radulph |
Radulphus |
Radulpho |
1285 |
|
Ranulph |
Ranulphus |
Ranulphi |
1255 |
|
Raso |
Raso |
Raso |
1293 |
|
Ricard |
Ricardus |
Ricardus, Ricardi, Ricardum, Rycardi |
1255, 1296 |
|
Robert |
Robertus |
Robertus, Roberti, Robertum, Roberto |
1255, 1293, 1296 |
|
Roger |
Rogerus |
Rogerus, Rogeri, Rogero |
1235, 1255, 1285 |
|
Stephan |
Stephan |
Stephano |
1248 |
|
Symon |
Symon |
Symon, Symone |
1248, 1285 |
|
Thomas |
Thomas |
Thome, Thomam |
1248, 1255 |
|
Walter |
Walterus |
Walterus, Walteri, Waltero, Waltero, Walterum |
1255, 1293 |
|
Willelm (William) |
Willelmus, Guillermus, Williamus |
Willelmus, Guillermi, Guillermum, Willeli,
Willelmi, Willelmo, Willelmum, Williame (French) |
1248, 1255, 1285, 1293, 1296 |
Feminine Given
Names
|
Likely
Vernacular Form |
Latin
Nominative Form |
Forms
Found in the Records |
Years
Found |
|
Margaret |
Margareta, Margereta |
Margaretae,
Margar’, Marger’ |
1293 |
|
Mary |
Maria |
Mariam |
1255 |
Family Names
|
Form
Found in the Records |
Years
Found |
|
Auenel |
1235 |
|
Comyn, Comyn’, Cumi[n] |
1255, 1256, 1285, 1296 |
|
Corbet |
1296 |
|
Cornet |
1285 |
|
Crock |
1248 |
|
Giffard |
1255 |
|
Gurle |
1255 |
|
Marmeduci |
1296 |
|
Olifard |
1235 |
|
Syward |
1296 |
|
Uviet |
1255 |
|
Wake |
1296 |
|
Wyscard, Wyschard |
1255 |
Gaelic-Origin Family Names
|
Form
Found in the Records |
Years
Found |
|
MacDuf, McDuf |
1293 |
|
Mackenedi |
1248 |
|
McGreghere, McGregere |
1293 |
Occupational or
Descriptive Bynames
|
Form
Found in the Records |
Definition |
Years
Found |
|
Hostarius (nom.), hostiarii (gen.) |
Officer – warder of the King’s door |
1255 |
|
le Blund |
Blond |
1255 |
|
clerico (nom. = clericus) |
Priest or clerk |
1248 |
|
decano (nom.
=decanus) |
Deacon |
1248 |
|
le Despenser |
Officer - steward |
1296 |
|
Dunkeldensis |
From/of Dunkeld |
|
|
Edynburgen’,
Edinburgensis |
From/of Edinburgh |
|
|
elemosinarium
|
Officer – almoner, church officer in charge of distributing
money to the poor |
1255 |
|
Glasguensis |
From/of Glasgow |
|
|
Mariscallo
(nom. = Mariscallus, Mariscal) |
Officer - marshal |
1235 |
|
persona |
Parson |
1248 |
|
senescallus |
Seneschal |
1255, 1293, 1296 |
Place Names
|
Modern
Form |
Form
Found in the Records |
Years
Found |
|
Aberdeen |
Abbirden’,
Abyrden’ |
1255, 1296 |
|
Angus |
Anegos |
1296 |
|
Ardrossan |
Ardrossan |
1293 |
|
Argyll |
Ergadia
|
1293 |
|
Atholl |
Athol’ |
1296 |
|
Balliol |
Balliolo,
Baylloll’, Baylol |
1235, 1255, 1293, 1296 |
|
Bendochy |
Bendhautin’ |
1256 |
|
Berwick |
Berewik,
Bereuuic’, Berewyk |
1293, 1296 |
|
Berwick upon Tweed |
Berewik
super Twede, Berewyk super Twed’ |
1293, 1296 |
|
Blantyre |
Blantir |
1248 |
|
Blund |
Blundi |
1248 |
|
|
Bonekill |
1296 |
|
Brechin |
Brechyn,
Brehyne |
1248, 1255 |
|
Bruce |
Brus |
1255, 1293 |
|
Buchan |
Buchan’,
Bouchan’, Bochan, Buhhan |
1255, 1285, 1296 |
|
Cadzow |
Cadyhou,
Kadiou |
1255, 1296 |
|
Carrick |
Carric,
Carrik, Karrik |
1255, 1293 |
|
Clement |
Clementem |
1255 |
|
Creich |
Crey |
1293 |
|
Cunningham |
Cuningham |
1296 |
|
Couttie |
Cup[ar]macultin |
1256 |
|
Drymen |
Drumyn |
1248 |
|
Dummernech |
Du[m]m[er]nech |
1255 |
|
Douglas |
Dufglas,
Duveglas |
1255, 1293 |
|
Dunbar |
Dunbar,
Dumbar |
1255, 1296 |
|
Dunblane |
Dunblain,
Dumblan’ |
1235, 1255 |
|
Dundee |
Dunde |
1293, 1296 |
|
Dundemor |
Dundemor |
1255 |
|
Dunfermline |
Dunfermelyn,
Dunfermel’, Dunfermlin |
1255, 1256, 1296 |
|
Dunkeld |
Dunkeld’ |
1255, 1296 |
|
Durham |
Dunelmensem |
1293 |
|
Edinburgh |
Edynburg |
1285, 1296 |
|
Eskdale |
Eskedal’ |
1235 |
|
Fife |
Fife,
Fyf, Fyfe |
1255, 1293 |
|
Flanders |
Flaundr’
|
1293 |
|
Fordie |
Fordoui’ |
1256 |
|
Galloway |
Gaweye
|
1293 |
|
Gaur? |
Gaur’ |
1293 |
|
Glasgow |
Glasg’ |
1255, 1296 |
|
Graham |
Graham,
Graham’, Grahame |
1248, 1255, 1296 |
|
Gueldres |
Geler’ |
1293 |
|
Haddington |
Hadigthon’ |
1296 |
|
Hastings |
Hastinges |
1296 |
|
Hay |
Haya |
1255, 1256, 1296 |
|
Hilton |
Hilton’ |
1296 |
|
Huntercomb |
Huntrecombe |
1296 |
|
Inchturfin |
Incheturfin |
1256 |
|
Jedburgh |
Geddeworth |
1255 |
|
Little Keithock |
Ketherkerbeg’ |
1256 |
|
Kelso |
Kalkou,
Kelchou |
1255, 1296 |
|
Kirkintilloch |
Kirkintolah |
1285 |
|
Kirkliston |
Listun’ |
1235 |
|
Lanark |
Lanark,
Lanarke |
1293, 1296 |
|
Lennox |
Leuenax |
1248, 1293 |
|
Letarchore |
Letarchore |
1248 |
|
Lindsay |
Lindes’ |
1255 |
|
Linlithgow |
Linliskeu |
1293 |
|
Lochawe |
Lochaue |
1293 |
|
Lochore |
Louchor,
Louchor’ |
1255, 1256 |
|
Lothian |
Laodonie,
Laudonensi |
1235, 1285 |
|
Mar |
Mar,
Marr’ |
1255, 1293, 1296 |
|
March |
Marchia |
1296 |
|
Mauldslie |
Maldislei |
1296 |
|
Maxwell |
Makisvell,
Makyswell |
1248, 1255, 1296 |
|
May |
May |
1293 |
|
Melrose |
Melros |
1235 |
|
Menteith |
Menethet,
Menetyef |
1235, 1255 |
|
Meyners |
Meyners |
1255 |
|
Moray |
Moravia,
Moreuia, Morevia |
1235, 1255 |
|
Mowbray |
Mubray,
Munbray |
1255, 1296 |
|
Mylis |
Mylis |
1285 |
|
Nenthorn |
Nainstanthirl
|
1293 |
|
Newbattle |
Newebolt |
1255 |
|
Norfolk |
Northfolchie |
1296 |
|
Normanville |
Normanvill |
1255 |
|
Perisby |
Perisby |
1285 |
|
Perth |
Perth,
Perth’ |
1256, 1296 |
|
Pinkeney |
Pinkeney
|
1293 |
|
Preston |
Preston |
1285 |
|
Ramsay |
Ramesheye
|
1255 |
|
Reading |
Redinges,
Reding’ |
1293 |
|
Restalrig |
Lastalrigg’ |
1293 |
|
Rires |
Reres |
1293 |
|
Roxburgh |
Rokysburg’ |
1296 |
|
Ross |
Ros |
1255 |
|
Saint Andrews |
Sancti
Andree, Saint Andreu (French) |
1255, 1293, 1296 |
|
Soules |
Soule,
Soules, Sules |
1255, 1293 |
|
Staunford |
Staunford |
1293 |
|
Stanforth |
Staunforth’ |
1293 |
|
Strathblane |
Stratblathan |
1248 |
|
Strathearn |
Stradherin,
Strathern, Stratheryn |
1255, 1285, 1296 |
|
Stirling |
Strivelin,
Strivelyn, Striuelin, Striuelyne |
1248, 1285, 1293 |
|
Sutton |
Sotton’,
Sutton’ |
1293 |
|
Umfraville |
Umfranuille,
Vmfranuillle, Vnfrauille |
1296 |
|
Vaux |
Vallibus |
1255 |
|
Warenne |
Warenn’ |
1296 |
|
Warwick |
Warewyk’, |
1296 |
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